Annual prevalence of the use of drugs by region and globally

Region or subregion

Cannabis

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

44,900

35,350

62,690

6.4

5.1

9.0

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

26,760

25,700

29,420

10.0

9.6

11.0

Americas

56,590

55,600

58,330

8.4

8.3

8.7

Caribbean

1,040

580

2,090

3.6

2.0

7.2

Central America

880

820

990

2.9

2.7

3.3

North America

44,630

44,460

44,810

13.8

13.7

13.8

South America

10,040

9,740

10,440

3.5

3.4

3.6

Asia

54,210

41,140

64,840

1.8

1.4

2.2

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

1,670

640

2,410

2.9

1.1

4.2

East and South-East Asia

13,570

4,160

21,740

0.8

0.3

1.4

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

9,500

6,890

11,180

3.1

2.3

3.7

South Asia

29,470

29,430

29,520

2.9

2.9

2.9

Europe

29,490

28,810

30,210

5.4

5.3

5.6

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

5,880

5,530

6,220

2.6

2.5

2.8

Western and Central Europe

23,610

23,270

23,990

7.4

7.3

7.5

Oceania

2,840

2,790

2,950

10.9

10.7

11.3

Australia and New Zealand

2,090

2,090

2,090

11.0

11.0

11.0

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

60

40

80

17.2

11.3

23.1

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

188,040

163,680

219,020

3.8

3.3

4.4

Region or subregion

Cocaine^a

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

1,300

160

2,570

0.19

0.02

0.37

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

250

1

633

0.09

0.00

0.24

Americas

9,930

9,200

10,590

1.48

1.37

1.58

Caribbean

180

80

330

0.62

0.29

1.15

Central America

200

100

310

0.66

0.34

1.02

North America

6,800

6,660

6,950

2.10

2.06

2.15

South America

2,740

2,360

3,000

0.95

0.82

1.04

Asia

1,670

1,140

2,220

0.06

0.04

0.07

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

-

-

-

-

-

-

East and South-East Asia

-

-

-

-

-

-

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

70

30

130

0.02

0.01

0.04

South Asia

1,030

1,030

1,030

0.10

0.10

0.10

Europe

4,740

4,460

5,140

0.87

0.82

0.95

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

500

340

720

0.22

0.15

0.32

Western and Central Europe

4,240

4,120

4,420

1.33

1.29

1.39

Oceania

430

410

440

1.65

1.57

1.67

Australia and New Zealand

420

410

420

2.20

2.15

2.23

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

18,070

15,380

20,960

0.37

0.31

0.42

Region or subregion

Opioids (opiates and prescription opioids)

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

6,080

5,000

7,390

0.87

0.71

1.06

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

360

120

660

0.25

0.08

0.46

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Americas

13,600

11,980

16,320

2.03

1.79

2.43

Caribbean

-

-

-

-

-

-

Central America

-

-

-

-

-

-

North America

12,830

11,640

13,720

3.96

3.60

4.24

South America

580

250

2,180

0.20

0.09

0.76

Asia

29,460

26,280

31,910

0.98

0.88

1.06

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

540

480

600

0.93

0.83

1.03

East and South-East Asia

3,280

2,330

4,010

0.20

0.15

0.25

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

6,950

4,910

8,550

2.28

1.61

2.81

South Asia

18,680

-

-

1.81

-

-

Europe

3,570

3,330

3,830

0.66

0.61

0.70

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

1,730

1,660

1,810

0.77

0.74

0.80

Western and Central Europe

1,840

1,670

2,020

0.58

0.52

0.63

Oceania

650

570

730

2.48

2.18

2.79

Australia and New Zealand

630

570

680

3.28

2.98

3.58

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

53,350

47,160

60,180

1.08

0.96

1.22

Region or subregion

Opiates

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

1,470

530

2,800

0.21

0.08

0.40

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

360

120

660

0.25

0.08

0.46

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Americas

2,690

1,970

3,480

0.40

0.29

0.52

Caribbean

-

-

-

-

-

-

Central America

-

-

-

-

-

-

North America

2,400

1,790

2,970

0.74

0.55

0.92

South America

240

150

330

0.08

0.05

0.12

Asia

21,730

18,970

24,570

0.72

0.63

0.82

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

520

470

580

0.90

0.80

1.00

East and South-East Asia

3,280

2,330

4,010

0.20

0.14

0.25

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

4,930

3,300

6,910

1.62

1.08

2.27

South Asia

12,990

-

-

1.26

-

-

Europe

3,220

3,010

3,600

0.59

0.55

0.66

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

1,490

1,410

1,570

0.66

0.63

0.70

Western and Central Europe

1,740

1,590

2,030

0.54

0.50

0.64

Oceania

40

40

70

0.16

0.14

0.28

Australia and New Zealand

35

35

41

0.18

0.18

0.22

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

29,160

24,510

34,520

0.59

0.50

0.70

Region or subregion

Amphetamines^b and prescription stimulants

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

3,680

900

6,600

0.53

0.13

0.94

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

500

340

610

0.34

0.23

0.42

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Americas

7,860

6,660

9,230

1.17

0.99

1.38

Caribbean

250

20

700

0.87

0.05

2.42

Central America

60

30

100

0.21

0.09

0.31

North America

6,840

5,990

7,690

2.11

1.85

2.38

South America

710

630

740

0.25

0.22

0.26

Asia

14,140

4,980

23,290

0.47

0.17

0.78

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

-

-

-

-

-

-

East and South-East Asia

-

-

-

-

-

-

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

-

-

-

-

-

-

South Asia

1,850

1,850

1,850

0.18

0.18

0.18

Europe

2,900

2,350

3,480

0.53

0.43

0.64

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

710

410

1,040

0.32

0.18

0.46

Western and Central Europe

2,180

1,940

2,440

0.68

0.61

0.76

Oceania

350

320

360

1.34

1.24

1.38

Australia and New Zealand

250

250

250

1.34

1.34

1.34

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

5

2

11

1.58

0.56

3.10

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

28,920

15,210

42,960

0.59

0.31

0.87

Region or subregion

Ecstasy

Number (thousands)

Prevalence (percentage)

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Best
estimate

Lower

Upper

Africa

1,800

100

7,880

0.26

0.01

1.13

East Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

North Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Southern Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

West and Central Africa

-

-

-

-

-

-

Americas

3,500

3,390

3,630

0.52

0.51

0.54

Caribbean

60

30

100

0.23

0.10

0.36

Central America

50

20

100

0.17

0.07

0.33

North America

2,870

2,870

2,870

0.89

0.89

0.89

South America

510

470

550

0.18

0.16

0.19

Asia

11,490

1,600

21,380

0.38

0.05

0.71

Central Asia and Transcaucasia

-

-

-

-

-

-

East and South-East Asia

-

-

-

-

-

-

South-West Asia/Near and Middle East

-

-

-

-

-

-

South Asia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Europe

4,060

2,930

6,970

0.54

0.39

0.93

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

1,310

250

4,040

0.31

0.06

0.95

Western and Central Europe

2,750

2,680

2,930

0.86

0.84

0.92

Oceania

440

410

450

1.68

1.56

1.72

Australia and New Zealand

410

400

430

2.17

2.12

2.23

Melanesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Micronesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polynesia

-

-

-

-

-

-

GLOBAL ESTIMATE

21,290

8,420

40,310

0.41

0.16

0.78